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This is a semi desert region in north Rajasthan and it
is situated entirely in the triangle between Delhi-Bikaner-Jaipur.
Shekhawati is a region and not just a town or fort; it
takes its name after its ruler Rao Shekha. Shekhawati
means the garden of Shekha.
The towns of Shekhawati are eminent for their amazing
painted havelis. Such is the appeal of the havelis that
this region is dubbed as "open
art gallery of Rajasthan".
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The plethora
of painted Havelis in rich artistic tradition makes it
commendable and fascinating. Most of the buildings are
dated from 18th century to early 20th century. The Shekhawati
landscape is dotted with so many havelis that tracking
them is something like a treasure hunt. Various forms
of fine art adorn the walls and the ceilings of these
structures, complimenting the otherwise flat and barren
land. The havelis are noted for their frescos depicting
mythological themes and that of huge animals. Some later
day frescos shows the arrival of the British and highlighting
steam locomotives and train doubtlessly for the benefit
of those members of the household who did not travel to
distance places by train or see this newly introduced
mode of transport.
There are also forts, minor castles, mosques, wells called
baoris and chattris to discover. The Rajputs mostly depicted
the themes of historical events, personages'
folk-heroes and the prominent war scenes, while the Marwaris
concentrated more on religious themes but with the passage
of time the themes too began to divert towards the modern
views.
At the decline of Mughal Empire after the death of Mughal
Emperor Aurangzeb in 1707 the descendants of Rao Shekha
encroached upon areas west of Aravali Range also. The
chieftains of the region retained nominal loyalty to Amber,
who in turn honoured them with the title of 'tazmi
sardars'. It was probably this
exposure to the courts of Jaipur that encouraged these
thakurs initiate their great succession of fresco. By
the beginning of the nineteenth century British had established
major ports at Calcutta (now Kolkata) and Bombay (now
Mumbai) that were able to handle larger volumes of trade
than ports in Gujarat. Moreover with Jaipur reducing its
levies the Shekhawati route was almost abandoned by traders.
However the Shekhawati merchants who were seasoned businessmen
migrated en masse to the more lucrative centres of Calcutta
and Bombay. Here they earned unparallel wealth and send
huge sums home, which were used for building havelis,
social welfare, wells, reservoirs, schools etc.

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